The Cryptocoryne genus, also known as the water goblet among aquarists, is widespread in nature in tropical Southeast Asia. About 60 species are currently recognized. Everything you should know about the popular aquatic plant can be found in this article.

Cryptocoryne (water cups) in nature

Many of the species known to aquarists come from Sri Lanka. For example, Cryptocoryne beckettii, C. wendtii, C. undulata, C. walkeri, C. willisii and C. parva grow on this island. In India, we find the long-leaved species Cryptocoryne spiralis, C. crispatula, C. retrospiralis, and C. sivadasanii but also C. ciliata and others. C. pondeteriifolia and C. moehlmannii come from Sumatra and C. cordata is native to Borneo.

The Cryptocoryne species are perennial aquatic or marsh plants. Some water goblets always remain under water. Others grow depending on the season and the associated water level, emersed or submersed.

To better understand cryptocoryne culture, let’s take a closer look at the structure of a cryptocoryne plant.
The plants consist of a branched rootstock and leave arranged in rosettes. After some time, large stocks develop as a result of the formation of runners on the vegetation buds of the rhizome. An interesting property of Cryptocoryne is the formation of different types of roots. On many plants, we can find two different types of roots. For one, there are thick, white, fleshy roots. They serve to anchor the plant in the ground and help it cling to a suitable substrate. On the other hand, we find fine, short roots that absorb nutrients. Some species also form hair-thin roots that grow upwards in swampy, oxygen-poor soil and probably have a function similar to aerial roots.

The leaves of water calyx consist of a petiole and a blade. The latter is species-specific and can range from lanceolate to ovate to narrowly linear in shape.

All cryptocorynes belong to the Araceae (araceae) family. They, therefore, form the inflorescences typical of this family, which consist of differently colored bracts (spatha) and a cauldron. In the cauldron is the cob with female and male flowers. The shape, the color, and above all the development of different outgrowths on the edge of the spathe are important criteria in determining the species.

Cryptocoryne (water chalices) in aquaristics

The Cryptocoryne or the water chalice has been among the most popular aquarium plants for many decades.

The reason for this is simple. Most of their representatives are easy to care for and they tirelessly reproduce. Since the species differ significantly in leaf shape, leaf size, and leaf color, we can find a suitable Cryptocoryne species or variety for every aquarium size and every type of planting. The differences are big. They range from the very small, almost turf-forming species C. parva to the large species with long leaves, e.g. B. C. crispatula var. balansae. However, most Cryptocoryne species belong to small and medium-sized aquarium plants. In the aquarium, they are used in the foreground or middle ground.

The shape of the cryptocoryne leaves shows itself in a wide spectrum. There are species with narrow, linear or ribbon-shaped leaves. These include, for example, Cryptocoryne albida, C. costata, C. crispatula var. balansae and C. retrospiralis.
Other species have broader, lanceolate or elliptical leaves such as Cryptocoryne affinis, C. ciliata, C. cordata, .C. legroi, C. moehlmannii, C. pondeteriifolia, C. xpurpurea, C. walkeri and C. wendtii.

The leaf color of various water cups is also interesting. The palette ranges from species with green leaves such as C. moehlmannii, C. albida costata or C. nevillii to brownish tones (C. beckettii, C. purpurea) and reddish-brown leaves (C. cordata, C. wendtii ‘Tropica’, C. wendtii ‘Brown’, C. wendtii ‘Mi Oya’).

Varieties with fancy colors include Cryptocoryne ‘Flamingo’ and C. legroi (a triploid form of C. walkeri). Many cryptos show a two-color hand. While the top is often dark green in color, the undersides are a more or less pronounced burgundy.

You should know that light intensity and fertilization can also have a major impact on leaf color and plant height. Although the members of the genus get by with little light, the leaves of some species become darker, redder, and larger under intensive lighting. The growth appears much more compact.

Cryptocoryne (water cup): the most commonly cultivated species

• C. affinis grows up to 40 cm high. Plants with different leaf shapes are found in culture.
• C. albida (whitish water calyx) grows up to 30 cm high and has green leaves.
• C. beckettii (Beckett’s water goblet) grows to 25 cm in height. The leaves can be dark green to brown and sometimes show an interesting marbling. It is one of the most easy-care water goblets.
• C. ciliata (ciliated water cup) is one of the largest water cups, has green leaves, and can grow up to 50 cm high. It is relatively salt tolerant and can also thrive in brackish water aquariums.
• C. cordata (heart-leaved water cup) is also large crypto. The submerged leaves can grow up to 60 cm long and vary greatly in color: from green to brown, sometimes marbled. Plants grow well but develop quite long petioles as they age.
• C. costata is closely related to C. albida, grows up to 30 cm high, and differs from the latter in its beautiful brown-red leaves.
• C. crispatula (Grass-leaved Waterchalice) can form narrow leaves up to 70 cm long. Often wrongly offered as Cryptocoryne balansae.
• C. crispatula var. balansae also has long leaves. However, they are significantly wider than in the nominate form and very bullous. There is also a brownish form on the market, which, in my experience, turns green under aquarium conditions.
• C. legroi is a form of C. walkeri and has beautiful brown-red leaves with a metallic sheen. In my opinion, it is one of the most beautiful species.
• C. moehlmannii (Möhlmann’s water goblet) grows up to 30 cm high and has large, green leaves. This Cryptocoryne is very similar to C. pontederifolia and just as easy to care for and undemanding. She grows very slowly.
• C. parva (small water chalice) is the smallest water chalice species in aquarium culture and only grows to a height of 10 cm. It has narrow, green leaves, is a slow grower but is otherwise not very demanding, and makes nice, lawn-like stands in the foreground.
• C. petchii is a triploid form of C. beckettii, a very undemanding plant with greenish leaves.
• C. pondeteriifolia (Pontederia-leaved water-chalice) grows up to 40 cm high and has mostly green leaves that also turn brownish under strong lighting. This is also an easy-care species.
• C. xpupurea (Purple Waterchalice) is a natural hybrid of C. griffithii and C. cordata var. cordata and grows to a height of 20–25 cm. It has dark green leaves that have purple marbling. The plants look very attractive and thrive without any problems.
• C. retrospiralis (twisted water calyx) has very narrow, light green leaves up to 40 cm long and resembles a Vallisneria in appearance. In contrast to this, the Cryptocoryne retrospiralis does not spread throughout the entire basin but forms clump-like stocks.
  Underwater, C. spiralis (spiral water calyx) has narrow green leaves up to 70 cm long, which are often attractively wavy at the edges. The commercially available form of Dennerle grows excellently in the aquarium. C. spiralis is not affected by cryptocoryne blight.
• C. undulata (Corrugated Waterchalice) is a medium-sized species with dark green to green-brown leaves. The species is one of the unproblematic, fast-growing cryptocorynes with a high reproduction rate.
• C. usteriana (Usteris Wasserkelch) is one of the fast-growing cryptocorynes, grows up to 70 cm high and its leaves are wavy and bullous under water. The leaves are green on top while the underside is a beautiful reddish brown.
• C. walkeri (Walker’s water cup) occurs in different growth forms. The leaves grow stiffly upright and reach a height of 25 cm. In the commercially available form, they are mostly reddish brown.
• C. wendtii (Wendt’s water chalice) is the most commonly cultivated water chalice and has the best growth characteristics. It has many decorative forms such as C. wendtii ‘Green’ with green leaves or C. wendtii ‘Braun’,
• C. wendtii ‘Tropica’, C. wendtii ‘Mi Oya’ — all three with darker, reddish-brown leaves.
• C. x willisii (Willis’ water cup) is a natural hybrid of C. parva and C. walkeri. It is a medium-sized, green-leaved water calyx that grows to a maximum of 20 cm in height. It is extremely easy to care for and quickly forms large groups.

Propagation of Cryptocoryne

Water chalice propagation is relatively easy. In aquarium culture, cryptocorynes are mainly propagated by division. Since water chalices are spread by stolons, adult groups can be divided or only individual rhizomes are taken.

Recently, another vegetative method of propagation has also gained importance, namely propagation in vitro, which takes place in the laboratory under sterile conditions. The biggest advantage of plants propagated in this way is sterile rearing. The plants are protected from algae spores, snail spawns, viruses, and other pathogens during cultivation. In addition, one can be sure that these plants never came into contact with fish. This rules out the transmission of white spot disease (Ichthyophthirius multifiliis) and various parasitic worms. Planted in the aquarium, the in vitro specimens form healthy stocks that grow quickly.

Generative propagation from seeds is also possible but plays practically no role in aquaristics since the plants have to be kept emersed for this.

The trouble with the Water Chalice: Cryptocoryne Blight

One of the very few problems encountered when cultivating cryptocoryne is the propensity of some species to what is known as cryptocoryne rot. Susceptibility to cryptocoryne rot varies greatly from species to species. It manifests itself in the leaves becoming glassy, rotting, and completely dissolving in a short time. Many aquarists used to think it was some kind of disease. Today, experts assume that this is how plants respond to sudden, more severe environmental changes. The rootstock is not affected and soon new, healthy leaves will grow from the rhizomes. The water chalice fully recovers.

Do you have any questions about the aquatic plant genus Cryptocoryne (water calyx) or other suggestions on the subject? We welcome comments!

The aquatic plant genus Vallisneria, also called Vallisnerie or water screw, has been one of the most popular and well-known aquarium plants for years. Various shapely representatives of this species can be found in our tanks. In this plant portrait, we will explain exactly what these are, how they differ, and what demands they have on the environment in the aquarium.

Differentiation of the individual species: Vallisneria in the aquarium

Which Vallisnerie do I have in front of me?

Even experts cannot always answer this question at first glance. The taxonomy of the aquatic plant genus Vallisneria has not yet been definitively studied, although great progress has been made in recent years. The Vallisneria belongs to a very variable genus. Since the plants inhabit different habitats and grow in different climatic regions, many forms have developed. In addition, the plants in cultivation have long trade routes behind them. Often it is even difficult to determine the country of origin.

The most reliable way to determine which species you belong to is by looking at the characteristics of the flowers. It must be noted that Vallisneria is dioecious: there are male and female plants. In aquarium culture, the flowers are formed relatively rarely. Therefore, the plants in the aquarium often cannot be clearly assigned to individual Vallisneria species. Currently, 17 Vallisneria species are distinguished. Plants kept in aquarium culture are believed to belong to one of the following species:

• Vallisneria Asiatica
• Vallisneria americana
• Vallisneria australis
• Vallisneria caulescens
• Vallisneria nana
• Vallisneria spiralis

We would like to introduce you to some of the most common commercially available species and varieties from the Vallisneria genus with their respective properties.

• Vallisneria Asiatica
• Vallisneria australis “gigantea”
• Vallisneria nana
• Vallisneria spiralis
• Vallisneria spiralis ‘Tiger’
• Vallisneria spiralis ‘Tortifolia’
• Vallisneria natans
• Vallisneria asiatica

We do not cultivate the normal form of Vallisneria Asiatica. The form that is very often found in aquariums and in specialist shops is the plant with spirally twisted, very decorative leaves. This is thought to be Vallisneria Asiatica var. biogenesis, a form of Vallisneria spiralis found in Lake Biwa, Japan. The leaves are light green, twisted, very narrow, and from three to ten centimeters wide. The leaves are clearly toothed down and they are five to 50 centimeters long. Vallisneria Asiatica grows better at slightly higher temperatures of 22 to 28 degrees Celsius. Since it naturally grows in shallow water in sunny places, this Vallisnaria responds positively to good lighting in aquarium culture as well. It requires more nutrients than Vallisneria spiralis.

Vallisneria gigantea

Many studies have led to the conclusion that the cultivated specimens of Vallisneria gigantea belong to the species Vallisneria australis. They are fast-growing plants that are easy to care for. The leaves of this Vallisneria are ten to thirty millimeters wide and can grow up to three meters long in nature. In the aquarium, they usually remain 50 to 150 centimeters long. In the case of the Vallisneria gigantea, too, the plants sold commercially under the name differ from one another.

Some plants are only serrated at the tip of the leaf, others have slightly narrower leaves that are serrated in the upper part of the leaf, but the teeth on the leaf margin are significantly coarser than in the other Vallisneria species. Due to their size and rapid growth, they need a nutritious substrate or a correspondingly large amount of fertilizer. Therefore one should cut or trim the older leaves from time to time because they have a tendency to flood to the water surface. This takes away the light from the other plants.

The Vallisneria gigantea grows better at slightly higher temperatures, optimally at 22 to 35 degrees Celsius. It does not make great demands on the light intensity and is satisfied with low to medium light intensity. Good light intensity should be ensured for forms with marked or reddish leaves. Otherwise, the color or marbling of the Vallisneria loses intensity and can even disappear completely. The leaves are very tough and therefore also suitable for aquariums with herbivorous fish.

Vallisneria nana

The dwarf Vallisneria Vallisneria nana comes from Australia. The name is a bit misleading as Vallisneria nana is not the smallest Vallisneria species. In any case, the leaves of this Vallisneria are very narrow, less than a centimeter wide, and dark green. The tip of the leaf is pointed, and there are fine teeth on the upper edge of the leaf that are almost invisible to the naked eye and that stand out particularly clearly at the tip of the leaf. Like all Vallisnerien it forms short offshoots.

In the beginning, in the growth phase, the narrow leaves are often very short and stiff, sickle-shaped in cross-section, and only up to 15 centimeters long. After some time, longer leaves often form, which can even reach up to 80 cm in length and are somewhat wider and thinner. The plants quickly form dense groups. It grows best at temperatures of 22 to 24 degrees Celsius and is suitable as a midground and background plant in small aquariums. Flowering in the aquarium is very rare.

Vallisneria spiralis

Vallisneria spiralis is the longest known water screw. It has been used as an aquarium plant for so long, mainly because it is native to Europe (but also Africa and probably Southwest Asia as well). The first specimens described came from Italy. The widespread distribution of Vallisneria spiralis has led to the formation of different populations. The differences can relate to the leaf shape – i.e. width, length, and leaf edge (serrated or smooth). The leaves are mostly light to dark green, up to 80 centimeters long and five to 15 mm wide. Demands on the conditions in the aquarium can also vary depending on the origin. So there are plants that need more or less heat.

Vallisneria spiralis quickly forms dense stocks in the aquarium. The plant is very adaptable. It grows best at temperatures between 20 and 28 degrees Celsius. They grow more slowly at temperatures below 20 degrees, and temperatures above 30 C are also not optimal. In nature, plants of the species Vallisneria spiralis can be found in nutrient-rich, stagnant, or slowly flowing water. They also grow better in the aquarium with a good supply of nutrients. It is interesting that the commercially available plants called Vallisneria spiralis often have very different leaf shapes. There are forms with broad and narrow leaves, and some are clearly toothed along the entire length of the leaf. On the market, there are also plants with a very smooth leaf edge, almost without perforation, under the name Vallisneria spiralis.

Vallisneria spiralis ‘Tiger’

This species is a color form of Vallisneria spiralis. With strong lighting, many small brown cross-streaks become visible in the leaf blade. This marbling is very dependent on the lighting intensity and can also disappear completely. Vallisneria spiralis ‘Tiger’ is 30 to 50 centimeters long and has leaves that are five to fifteen millimeters wide. It grows a little more slowly and has less of an urge to spread than other Vallisneria.

Vallisneria spiralis ‘Tortifolia’

Vallisneria spiralis ‘Tortifolia’ is a form of Vallisneria spiralis that has very short and conspicuously twisted leaves. As with all Vallisneria, the appearance of the leaves is highly dependent on the growing conditions. The leaf color can be light green, but also olive green, the leaf width can reach a length of three to ten millimeters. The plants on the market are finely toothed only in the upper part of the leaves. They have a clearly visible median nerve.

It is arguably the Vallisneria that remains the lowest. Their leaves are usually only 25 centimeters long. It is therefore suitable for the foreground and the middle ground of the aquarium. Vallisneria spiralis ‘Tortifolia’ is a bit more demanding and needs more warmth and more light than Vallisneria spiralis. Under good cultivation conditions, it has more twisted leaves. The plants form slightly longer stolons than the parent form, therefore the new plants appear a little further away from the mother plant and they form loose clusters.

Vallisneria natans

According to some authors, the Vallisneria natans plants in cultivation may belong to the Vallisneria australis species. Although the leaf shape of V. natans is indeed similar to a small V. australis, I do not share this view. It finally gets confusing as some wholesalers offer the plants under Vallisneria Americana ‘natans’. As long as no conclusive studies are available here, I assume that the good species Vallisneria natans is actually on the market.

V. natans has mid-green, narrow leaves that are serrated on the upper half. The leaves reach a length of 50 to 100 centimeters and allow other, smaller aquarium plants enough light. The plants are very undemanding and their cultivation conditions correspond to those of Vallisneria spiralis. They differ from the latter by a rounded leaf tip. However, some wholesalers offer all smooth-leaved Vallisneria as V. spiralis. Depending on availability, the customer then gets V. natans one week and V. spiralis the next week with the label “Vallisneria spiralis” in the retail trade.

It shouldn’t matter to most aquarists, especially since both species have the same requirements and hardly differ in growth habits. I personally find it annoying, but I’ve given up on having an unbearable argument with the suppliers every time. If you really want to have the real Vallisneria spiralis, I recommend the Vallisneria spiralis “Tiger” from Tropica. On the other hand, if you are interested in the real Vallisneria natans, I can recommend the bunch of plants from Tropica (here referred to as Vallisneria Americana ‘natans’).

Which Vallisnaria is the best aquatic plant for my aquarium?

As an aquarist, you often ask yourself which of the Vallisneria on the market is the right one for your own tank. In order to answer this, you should first ask yourself the following questions:

How much space do I have?

For a small tank, Vallisneria spiralis ‘Tortifolia’ or Vallisneria nana would be the right choice. If I need a particularly uncomplicated, undemanding plant, then the Vallisneria spiralis is suitable, although another Vallisneria is easy to cultivate. If you are looking for a plant with an interesting leaf shape, you can access Vallisneria Asiatica or Vallisneria spiralis ‘Tortifolia’, which have very decorative, twisted leaves. As a plant with colored leaves, Vallisneria spiralis ‘Tiger’ is the right choice because it displays beautiful leaf patterns with good lighting.

If you have a very large tank, strong growing plants are an advantage, including Vallisneria gigantea.

In a medium-sized tank, Vallisneria natans or Vallisneria spiralis plants are in the right place, although in larger tanks you can use the smaller Vallisneria in the foreground and middle ground.

Are the environmental parameters correct?

If the nutrient and light supply meet the requirements of the chosen Vallisnerie, nothing stands in the way of the purchase. Now it only depends on your personal taste which type you choose. If you have any further questions, you can get professional help from a specialist dealer.

Do you have any questions about the aquatic plant genus Vallisnerie (water screw) or other suggestions on the subject? We welcome comments!

One loves them, the other hates them: not everyone likes to see snails in the aquarium. While many aquarium owners lovingly care for different species of snails, others are terrified when they discover the unloved guests on their aquarium plants. But everyone agrees on one thing: Excessive multiplication of snails is undesirable – no matter how they got into the tank. Here you can learn more about aquarium snails, why it is not always necessary to control snails in the aquarium, and how to control the snail population.

How do snails get into the aquarium?

Aquatic snails or their spawn often enter the tank with aquarium plants that have been purchased or passed on by other aquarium owners. If you want your aquarium to be completely free of snails, it won’t be easy – because they are almost everywhere. However, it is possible to ban unloved snails from the aquarium as far as possible or to contain their population. In this way, you can benefit from the snails in the aquarium without attracting negative attention or becoming a nuisance.

It is normal for snails or snail spawn to be found on newly purchased aquatic plants if the plants have grown underwater and have been in the nursery for a long time. If there are no water snails on such plants, this can be a sign that aggressive pesticides have been used. The poison that is still in the plants and gets into the water is often fatal not only for aquatic snails but also for other invertebrates such as shrimp or crabs. Snails on newly purchased aquarium plants are therefore no cause for concern – on the contrary, they show that the plants have grown in the nursery in an animal-friendly environment.

Buying aquarium plants without snails?

So-called in-vitro plants are guaranteed to be free from snails. These are aquatic plants that have grown in the laboratory and are grown in a special nutrient solution. Since they haven’t been submerged in a nursery, make sure the plants are slug-free as well as algae and parasite-free. The purchase price of in-vitro plants is often hardly higher than that of conventionally cultivated aquarium plants – a worthwhile purchase for anyone who wants to avoid snails in the aquarium. You can find out more about plants from in vitro culture, including meristem plants, in our guide on the subject.

These snail species are often found on aquarium plants

• Ramshorn snail (Planorbarius corneus)
  It is cared for by many aquarium owners and bred in many color variations. The natural form is brown. The shell of the snail looks like a posthorn and can reach a size of up to four centimeters.
• Bladder Snail (Family Physidae)
  Bladder snails have a pointed shell and grow to be less than an inch. Around 80 species are known worldwide.
• Plate snail (Family Planorbidae)
  This type of snail looks very similar to the ramshorn snail. Her house, however, is flat and tilted sideways. It usually stays very small in the aquarium.

Attention: If you discover a pointed mud snail (Lymnaea stagnalis) on your aquarium plants, only place them in larger aquariums. It can grow up to seven centimeters.
In the garden pond, on the other hand, pointed mud snails are in very good hands. Pointed mud snails like to eat freshwater polyps, among other things, and are used to combat them.

Snails in the aquarium – this is why they are useful:

Snails, when present in moderation, are very useful in the aquarium. They contribute to the diversity of the fauna and tirelessly devour leftover food and dead plant parts. This will keep the water clean and ensure a pretty and healthy aquarium. Most species also do not eat living plants, as they are said to do. Only in the case of mass propagation and the associated scarcity of food do they lay hands on horticultural greenery.
However, too many water snails can be annoying because they disturb the overall picture. The aquarist then has to intervene to regulate this. Suitable and unsuitable measures are described below. One type of aquarium in which snails should definitely not be missing is rearing tanks for young fish. The water snails used here not only eat the food leftovers before they can spoil, but they also clean the panes of bacterial growth, which can be fatal to many fish larvae.

Let’s note the following:

• Snails eat leftover food
  Snails act as the “health police” in the aquarium by eating leftovers that the fish and other aquarium inhabitants have not eaten. Food leftovers lying on the bottom have a negative effect on the water quality.
• Snails eat dead animals
  If a fish dies, it is not always immediately obvious in a crowded community aquarium. Snails will immediately take care of a dead animal and start eating it.
• Snails eat algae
  With their sharp mouthparts, snails grate the growth of algae from discs and aquarium plants. In this way, they help to keep the aquarium free of algae. Don’t expect miracles here, though. Snails are more of a support for regular aquarium maintenance than the solution to an algae problem. The ramshorn snail Planorbella scalaris is an exception. The animals constantly eat algae and keep my two desk aquariums completely free of algae. However, the floating plants of the genus Limnobium are also part of their diet. On the other hand, Cryptocoryne, Echinodorus, Bucephalandra, Anubias, and Microsorum are not touched.
• Snails eat dead plant matter
  For aquarium owners, it often looks as if snails are attacking the aquarium plants. In fact, they very rarely eat healthy aquatic plants – usually only when they can’t find any other food. However, by tirelessly rasping off dead plant parts and consuming diseased plants, they support healthy plant growth in the aquarium.

Tip: Snails are a good indicator that something is wrong in the aquarium. If the snail population increases significantly or if the snails gather under the water surface, you should definitely look for the causes.
Snails in the aquarium: fight or care?
Snails have many aficionados in aquaristics. Many species of snails are kept in aquariums and are commercially available. These include, for example:

• apple snail
• ramshorn snail
• tower snail
• racing snail
• antler snail
• and much more m.

The apple snail grows very large and is highly valued by enthusiasts. There are different types on the market. While the Pomacea diffusa (formerly Pomacea bridgesii) are completely harmless, other species, such as the paradise snails from the Marisa genus, eat everything that is green.
The slightly larger Pomacea canaliculata, which are also commonly sold as apple snails, do not belong in planted aquariums either. We recommend the website www.applesnail.net for those who want to learn more about the subject. Here you can find all the important information about apple snails and the differences between the individual species are well illustrated with drawings.

Ramshorn snails can be found in different color breeds, such as blue or pink, and are among the most popular aquarium snails. Tower snails live in the ground and help to clean and aerate it – similar to earthworms in the ground. Other snail species, such as the snail, are advertised as algae eaters. However, snails are not a sufficient solution to combat an algae plague. Here you should better go to cause research and check the water parameters, lighting, and other factors. You can find tips on how to do this in our article on combating algae in the aquarium.

Tips against snails: you should keep your hands off them

Aquarium snails are animals that are fun to watch and perform many important tasks as they tirelessly roam the tank. They’re easy to take a liking to—unless they show up en masse. This can happen with snails from the trade as well as with imported snails. Then the fascination is quickly over.

Tips on how to remove snails from the aquarium are widely distributed. However, many of them are not only useless but also harm the aquarium plants.

Soak aquarium plants in mineral water

It is often said that mineral water is a good way to remove snails and planarians from aquarium plants. However, watering newly purchased aquarium plants in mineral water is not an effective remedy against snails – even less against planarians. The plants, on the other hand, can be damaged by the treatment.

Bathing in potassium permanganate solution

Many aquarists disinfect newly purchased aquarium plants in a solution containing potassium permanganate. It is normally used to disinfect the tank and accessories, for example after an infection in the aquarium. But aquatic plants can also be treated with a potassium permanganate solution. However, the snail spawn, which can be found on the plants, usually survives this procedure completely unscathed.

Fight aquatic snails chemically

Means are commercially available to chemically combat snails in the aquarium. These agents not only kill snails, but also other invertebrates. The use of chemical agents in the aquarium must always be considered. There are usually more environmentally friendly and cheaper alternatives that do not harm the aquarium plants and inhabitants.

Use fish that eat snails

It is often advised to use snail-eating fish, such as net loaches or puffer fish. However, before you buy one, be sure to ask yourself: Are you really interested in caring for this species? Are you ready to buy or breed snails when the snail plague is over? Do the fish match the size of the tank and the other stock? Loaches, for example, need a lot of space in the aquarium, which not everyone can offer.

Use predatory snails

Predatory snails are also often recommended as a solution to the snail plague. However, here too it is important to consider: What happens to the predatory snails once the snails have been destroyed? Are the predatory snails themselves welcome aquarium inhabitants? Here, too, it often comes down to one problem being replaced by another.

So you can regulate the population of snails in the aquarium

Snails are useful and welcome aquarium inhabitants. Only when they spread too much are they usually perceived as a nuisance. However, limiting the snail population is not that difficult. Some simple tips:

1. Collect snails by hand
2. Lay out bait or snail traps
3. Feed very sparingly

The easiest way is to regularly collect the small snails by hand, for example during daily feeding. They can also be crushed on the glass if you keep animals in the tank that will eat them.

An effective snail bait in the aquarium is a slice of cucumber or zucchini placed on the bottom. Many snails quickly find their way here and can be easily taken out and removed.

Snail traps are also commercially available. They are constructed in such a way that the snails can get in but not out again. They are attracted to some food. However, the small plate-shaped traps on which the snails collect are better. No fish or shrimp can get caught here, which often die in small snail traps due to the lack of oxygen caused by the bait.
Tower snails also often gather on the aquarium panes during the night. This is a sign that something is wrong in the aquarium environment. Somewhere decay processes consume a lot of oxygen from the water. A dirty filter or a thick layer of sludge in the substrate is usually the cause. However, this is an advantage when fighting snails. The tower snails, which cannot be reached during the day, can simply be scraped off the panes with a net when the aquarium light is switched off. However, you should still quickly get to the bottom of the cause of the lack of oxygen.

Tip: It is best to place a snail trap in the aquarium overnight. When the lights are off, snails are most active. In the morning they remove the trap and quickly kill the animals by pouring boiling water over them.

Keeping snails in check in the aquarium: very simple

Basically, snails only become a problem and multiply uncontrollably if there is too much waste in the aquarium:

1. dead plant material
2. undiscovered animal carcasses
3. Leftover food in the aquarium

Feeding the fish too much is almost always a reason for a plague of snails in the aquarium. Feed tablets, for example, consist of the finest feed particles, which are pressed into tablet form using high pressure. The food swells in the water and a not inconsiderable part disappears into the surrounding substrate. Here it cannot be reached by the fish and leads to an invasion-like proliferation of tower snails. So always make sure to only feed as much as will be eaten in a few minutes. Separate feeding is only necessary for very large snail species (such as the apple snail). Even if the fish are fed sparingly, smaller snail species will find enough to eat in a normal setup aquarium.

What are your experiences with snails in the aquarium? We welcome comments!

When it comes to floating plants in the aquarium or garden pond, most people immediately think of the well-known duckweed. However, anyone who deals a little more intensively with the topic of aquarium plants will quickly discover many other attractive species. In this article, we will introduce you to some of them and tell you why you should not do without them.

Shade areas in the aquarium with floating plants

It is not always easy to satisfy the different needs of different aquarium plants. Some need a lot of light, others, especially slow-growing plants, start to grow algae if the light is too strong. Floating aquatic plants are the ideal solution for shading individual areas in the aquarium. In this way, you ensure an interesting play of light, prevent the growth of algae and offer shy fish an opportunity to retreat to a darker region in the aquarium.

Tip: A fishing line or thin twine can be used to demarcate an area on the water surface. In this way, the plants do not drift freely through the tank. This trick is more suitable for larger floating plants such as mussel flowers.
Prevent algae growth with aquarium plants
Algae quickly spread to slow-growing plants, decorative objects, and even the substrate if the lighting in the aquarium is too strong. Floating plants provide a simple and efficient remedy – and if you wish, only in certain areas of the pool.

But this is not the only reason why they are an important aid in the fight against algae in the aquarium: Fast-growing floating aquatic plants are particularly valuable as nutrient consumers. Duckweed or fairy ferns, for example, grow so rapidly with a good supply of nutrients that the stock has to be thinned out regularly. They convert excess nutrients into plant matter. Simply remove the plants from the aquarium regularly and ensure balanced water values.

Tip: If you find that the floating plants in your aquarium are only growing slowly, or the stock is even declining, you should check the water parameters and fertilize if necessary. They are a good indicator of whether there are enough nutrients in the water.

Protection for aquarium inhabitants

Floating aquatic plants cover the water surface in the aquarium and make the fish feel comfortable. Even shy specimens come out much more often when protected by a blanket of floating plants. In nature, many dangers lurk “from above”. They often feel safer in a densely planted tank – and it shows.

Young fish use the dense planting as a hiding place. The roots of floating aquarium plants become a safe haven. So you can look forward to significantly more offspring in your fish and other aquarium inhabitants.

Floating plants in the aquarium create an interesting look

The human observer also enjoys an aquarium with a versatile look. Floating plants offer many opportunities to structure the aquarium and make it interesting. Some species develop pretty, bushy roots that hang down into the water, making for an intriguing sight. In many species, these are even reddish in color.

Open aquariums are particularly attractive with floating plants. A plant cover is a real eye-catcher and ensures a varied overall picture – especially if it is a specimen that flowers every now and then.

These are just a few of the most popular floating plants for the aquarium and pond. You can get more species and information about caring for them from your specialist dealer for aquarium plants.
What do you think is the most beautiful floating plant in the aquarium? We welcome comments!

If you want to set up a new aquarium for shrimp, you should read here. With a little know-how, it is very easy to offer the popular invertebrates an optimal habitat in the aquarium. In this small guide, we summarize what is important when choosing plants, furnishings, and the like.

The optimal substrate for shrimp in the aquarium

The substrate in the shrimp tank should ideally consist of medium-grain gravel for most shrimp species. The animals are constantly looking for food on the ground. In doing so, they diligently turn grain by grain. If the gravel is coarse, the food falls down through the cracks between the stones and is no longer accessible to the shrimp.

The dark substrate is the right choice for many colorful shrimp species. In nature, the animals camouflage themselves on a dark background by expanding the pigment cells in their armor and thus appearing darker. Enter light ground, and pull the color cells together again. The colors of the shrimp shine much more brightly on a dark substrate in the aquarium.

Tip: Don’t be too meticulous about cleaning shrimp in the aquarium. There may well be a small corner with Mulm. The shrimp find plenty of food there. But keep an eye on the water values ​​and don’t be careless with the care of the aquarium.

Roots for the shrimp aquarium

Roots are a popular piece of furniture in the shrimp aquarium. They are ideal for structuring the tank and providing the shrimp with natural habitat. However, keep in mind that the water values ​​can change as a result of the roots in the aquarium. Many shrimp lovers swear by the positive effects of the tannins that the roots release into the water. Before purchasing, find out which roots are suitable for the shrimp aquarium and, if in doubt, seek advice from your specialist retailer.

You should also set up an aquarium for rooted shrimp because the animals love to be there. Because the wood slowly decomposes in water, it provides excellent grazing ground. The wood particles that the shrimp ingest while eating are considered healthy supplementary food. Last but not least, roots offer the possibility of tying up epiphytic plants or mosses to make the shrimp tank particularly varied.

Attention: Only aquarium roots that have not been chemically treated belong in the shrimp aquarium. During storage, some roots are treated with pesticides to protect them, which are lethal for shrimp. You can obtain suitable roots from your trusted specialist retailer.

Stones in the shrimp aquarium

Shrimp love to hide in burrows. Offer you plenty of them. Wonderful hiding places can be built from stones fixed with aquarium silicone. Slate stairs also look great in the shrimp tank. When selecting the stones, also consider the possible effects on the water parameters. The following applies to shrimp in the aquarium: do not use calcareous stones. They harden the water and shrimp prefer a low water hardness.

Tip: To test whether a stone contains limescale, drop some vinegar essence on it. If foam forms, lime is present in the rock.

Set up a shrimp aquarium: choose suitable plants

Lush planting in the shrimp aquarium is a must. It forms a hiding place and source of food in one. A fine growth of microorganisms, algae, and other delicacies for the invertebrates forms on the plants.

Fine-leaved plants belong in every shrimp tank. Because a lot of suspended matter gets caught in the fine leaves, shrimp-like look for food here. Youngsters in particular like to stay in the fine thicket. Ground cover should also be planned for in the shrimp aquarium when setting it up. They provide shelter and an excellent source of food from the mulm that forms beneath them. Mosses should not be missing in any shrimp aquarium: as greenery for the mat filter, attached to roots or stones, or as a cushion on the substrate, they will quickly become your protégés’ favorite place.

Tip: When keeping shrimp in the aquarium, do not be too sparing with moss. Aquarium moss will double in volume within three to four weeks. If you only have a chestnut-sized amount of moss at the beginning, it will take you quite a while until a nice cushion has formed. If you start with a handful of moss, you can easily green up an entire rear wall of the pool in a short time. Ask your aquarium plant dealer about offers for larger quantities of moss for the shrimp aquarium, such as this Java moss in a portion can.

Setting up a shrimp aquarium: Which filter is the right one?

When choosing the filter for the shrimp aquarium, you should consider the following criteria:

1. The filter performance and flow must match the needs of the animals.
2. The filter must be closed or secured so that shrimp cannot enter.

Most shrimp species do not make any special demands on the current in the aquarium. A filter like the one found in a normal community tank will do just fine. An exception is the fan shrimp, which take their food from the running water. The other dwarf shrimp species feel comfortable with medium to low currents.

When keeping shrimp in the aquarium, the filter should be chosen very carefully in terms of safety for shrimp: they are very resourceful when looking for food, and the filter is an enticing source of food. In many filter models, the offspring of shrimp in particular easily fit through the openings in the suction area – with fatal consequences. Depending on the design, the shrimp can also reach the outlet. With astonishing exertion, they overcome the flow and get inside the filter. Shrimp-proof your filter with a fine mesh or lady’s stocking.

Tip: You often hear that the cables from the filter have to be secured against climbing shrimp so that they do not escape from the tank. However, shrimp only climb out of the water if it becomes difficult for them to survive there – if the water parameters are too bad or the temperature gets too high in summer, for example. If the shrimp in the aquarium attempt to escape, this is an alarm signal that something is very wrong in the aquarium.

Which filter for the shrimp aquarium? All criteria at a glance

If you are setting up an aquarium for shrimp and want to buy a new filter, it is best to use a sponge filter or a hamburger mat filter. The latter is not only harmless for the shrimp but also offers an excellent feeding place with its large surface.

Keeping shrimp in the aquarium

Once the aquarium has been prepared, the residents can move in. Versatile and sociable, these invertebrates have become extremely popular with aquarists, and some species are easy to keep. But shrimp are not only beautiful to look at in the aquarium, but they also fulfill a practical function: they help to care for the tank. They love fresh algae and simply pick them up out of the water with their hairy fans on their claws. Keeping shrimp in the aquarium is ideal, at least from a visual point of view.

In addition, shrimp are not only easy to keep and care for in the aquarium specially designed for them, they also prove themselves in the community with other residents. When choosing them, however, care should be taken to ensure that they correspond to the temperament of the shrimp: They should therefore neither be very large nor too hectic. The invertebrates also feel particularly comfortable when they have several conspecifics around them, so at least five to six animals should be kept together.

Frequently asked questions about aquarium plants for shrimp

Do shrimp eat aquarium plants?

Some shrimp keepers have found that the shrimp in the aquarium damage fine-feathered plants or mosses by tirelessly wiping with their brush hands. Amano shrimp in particular can be a bit rough when dealing with aquarium plants. Attacked or diseased parts are sometimes even eaten. Therefore, plant generously in the tank, do not put too many shrimp in, and try out the habits of your shrimp population. Normally, shrimps in the aquarium do not pose a threat to the plant population. However, if hundreds of “Amanos” pounce on a handful of java moss, then after two days only the leafless branches will remain.

Shrimp and Anubias: Can it be dangerous?

You hear again and again that Anubias are harmful to shrimp in the aquarium. However, many shrimp keepers have no problem cultivating plants of the genus Anubia (trade name: dwarf spear leaf) in the shrimp tank. It is now believed that this is not a problem as long as the plant does not sustain any major injuries. This is the case, for example, when she is circumcised.

Shrimp-safe plants for the aquarium

Are you one of those shrimp keepers who worry about adding new commercially available aquarium plants to your tank? You are not alone: ​​you hear again and again that shrimp die after buying aquarium plants. This phenomenon is caused by pesticide residues that may be temporarily present on certain Asian trade crops. Only those who know what to look out for can successfully avoid this danger when buying aquarium plants for the shrimp tank.

The issue is particularly acute when inserting aquarium plants into a running tank. After setting up a new shrimp aquarium, on the other hand, it normally “runs in” for several weeks without stocking. Do this, making the appropriate partial water changes, should the plants have excreted any debris.

Do you have any questions or suggestions on the subject of “Setting up a shrimp aquarium”? We appreciate your comments!

The simplest, most effective, and most sustainable way to prevent algae growth in the aquarium is lush planting with balanced water values ​​and suitable lighting. But is it always enough to rely on it? Not in every case. Most aquarium owners prefer to play it safe and choose the right stock when setting up a new tank: Algae are on the menu for many species. We introduce you to some of the most popular algae eaters.

Choosing the best algae eaters for the aquarium

If the water values ​​in the aquarium get out of balance or if the lighting conditions change, algae can quickly develop in the aquarium. It is therefore advisable to plan to stock for the aquarium, which – at least partially – feeds on the unloved algae. Should an imbalance occur, the algae eaters in the aquarium will help to prevent an algae plague from arising in the first place?

As a short-term solution, the use of algae eaters is more suitable for owners who have several tanks. Caution also applies to beginners in aquaristics: Unfortunately, algae-eating fish are often advertised in the trade, which prove to be difficult to keep permanently. Reasons can be:

• the animals are good algae eaters as young fish, but quickly become too large
• Algae are only eaten by young fish, older ones lose interest
• the fish make special demands on keeping
• there is difficulty in feeding the animals once the algae are gone

So make sure you only keep algae-eating fish, shrimp, and snails in the aquarium whose requirements really match the environment you can offer them.

The most popular snails against algae

Nerite (Neritidae)

Nerite snails, the so-called entities, are regarded as algae eaters among snails and are unbeatable “algae eating machines”.

Their squat houses are plain anthracite or interestingly patterned and offer an interesting sight in the aquarium. The snail species is also so popular because it does not reproduce in the aquarium. Mass reproduction of the snail is therefore not to be feared even if there is an oversupply of food. Because this snail is so popular against algae, it is often sold under the name algae nerite. Keeping this snail species is easy. In the community tank, it is undemanding.

Ramshorn snails

Some aquarists have mixed feelings about ramshorn snails. They are considered good algae eaters and remove dead plant parts and other organic material.

The representatives of the genus Planorbarius are primarily distributed in aquariums. Living parts of plants are scorned as long as other food is available. While they make a useful contribution to the aquarium by fighting algae and using food leftovers, they can also become a nuisance due to their willingness to reproduce when there is sufficient food available. A healthy balance needs to be found here. There are now many different color variants, which are bred by a large community of snail lovers. In relevant forums, you can often get different color forms against reimbursement of the shipping costs.

The most popular fish against algae

Siamese Algae Eater (Crossocheilus siamensis)

The Siamese Algae Eater is a popular fish against algae in the aquarium. According to specialist literature, it should not only eat thread algae but also brush and even beard algae. However, experience does not always confirm this. Some keepers also report that hungry Siamese algae eaters may attack the aquarium plants. So make sure you have a balanced diet. The Alchemist is not choosy: it willingly accepts frozen and dry food as well as vegetable food.

Because the Algae Eater is a popular fish against algae, it is often advertised as an “algae eater” – and unfortunately sold to owners with tanks that are too small. Note that this species of fish reaches a size of up to 15 centimeters. In the aquarium, they are best kept in groups. The animals often form territories, which is why they should be kept in spacious tanks.

Ear lattice catfish (Otocinclus affinis)

A good helper against algae is the latticed armored catfish. It feels well kept in groups in larger, current-rich aquariums. The sensitive fish should only be socialized with quiet aquarium inhabitants. With its sucking mouth it mainly eats algae coverings, e.g. B. green algae and diatoms form. He despises hard types of algae such as brush algae or beard algae. He is a popular resident in the shrimp tank because he does not prey on the offspring. Feed the Otocinclus enough with additional food. B. catfish tablets, zucchini slices, and other vegetables if there are not enough algae in the aquarium. It should always have a rounded tummy, then the algae-eating fish is well fed.

Reddish sucker mullet (Garra rufa) also known as “nibble fish”.

Garra rufa is an excellent algae eater. Aquascapers like to use them after the setup to keep algae growth under control from the start. With a maximum size of 14 cm (but often only around 10 cm in the aquarium), the adult reddish sea mullet needs an aquarium at least 100 cm long. In addition, they should be kept in small groups of 4-6 animals. Anyone who can offer these conditions will have a lot of fun with the frugal and lively little fish.

Smaller aquarium owners will need to consider what to do with the animals once they get bigger and have done their job as algae eaters. Talk to your pet store. Many also take back healthy, well-fed Garra because they like to use them as cleaners in their own aquariums or in plants. But you shouldn’t necessarily expect something in return. But you can do without that for the benefit of the animals.

The most popular shrimp against algae

Amano shrimp

The Amano shrimp is the most tireless algae eater among the dwarf shrimp. It is able to consume large amounts of green algae in a short time. She feels particularly comfortable in larger groups. For example, if a number of Amano shrimp attack a bunch of thread algae, it can be gone within a short time.

If the water parameters are correct, the Amano shrimp is an excellent aquarium dweller against algae. It is easy to care for, keeps the tank clean by consuming leftover food, and has no special feeding requirements. Since they only pollute the water a little with their excretions compared to fish and snails, they are ideally suited as algae eaters in the aquarium. Smaller shrimp species also contribute to the ongoing decimation of the algae population but are significantly less effective. However, with their bright colors, they offer a particularly pretty sight. These mainly include Caridina and Neocaridina species such as

• Redfire
• Crystal Red / Bee Shrimp
• bumblebee shrimp
• sakura
• and much more m.

Whichever algae eater you decide to have in the aquarium: choose a species that you are genuinely interested in: after all, the animal will continue to live in your tank even after the algae have been eliminated. We hope you enjoy it and keep your fingers crossed for an algae-free aquarium.

Read more: You can find more information about algae in the aquarium in our detailed post. There you will learn, among other things, how algae develop, how to inhibit or avoid growth, and which types of algae can settle in the aquarium.

What do you think are the absolute TOP favorites among the algae eaters? What is your experience? We look forward to your suggestions and comments!

What is the best way to ship aquatic plants? Many aquarium owners cannot easily answer this question. Some of our customers are sometimes surprised that the aquarium plants are sent without any water at all. Others wonder whether aquatic plants in the package could be damaged at low temperatures or what delivery time is easily tolerated… Many questions – we provide the answers!

Is it too cold for tropical aquatic plants to ship?

Concerned about your tropical aquarium plants about to be shipped to chilly Germany? We can put your mind at ease. The cool temperatures do not harm the plants – on the contrary: when it is cooler, the aquarium plants can even last longer in the transport box. The optimum temperature for keeping most aquarium plants is 24 to 27 degrees Celsius. However, the fact that the aquatic plant feels most comfortable at this temperature does not mean that it cannot withstand warmer or colder temperatures during transport: In wholesale, aquarium plants are sometimes stored in cold stores at 8-10°C for several days (up to a week). . This is not a problem at all for the plant as long as the thermometer does not drop into the minus range. Some subtropical species have even managed to survive the European winters outdoors in climatically favored areas.

Why are aquarium plants shipped without water?

Aquarium plants should always be shipped without water. Many of the plants that we keep in our aquarium are not cultivated under water (submersed) but above water (emersed). If you come from the nursery, you have not even been in contact with the water. Some species only develop their typical underwater form after they have been placed in the aquarium and get a different shape and coloration. But plants that have been grown under water can also easily withstand a well-packaged package. It is important that they do not dry out, which is why they should be packed in plastic bags. A closed plastic bag has a relative humidity of almost 100%. The plants are doing much better in their packaging because they can breathe air than if they were shipped in water, which will run out of oxygen after a few hours.

Up to how many degrees outside temperature can I send aquarium plants? Can I order aquarium plants in winter?

You can also send or order aquarium plants in winter: At temperatures down to minus five degrees, shipping in a package is possible. A heat pack is also included in the package, which slowly but steadily releases heat and keeps the plants warm enough for up to 72 hours, even if the package is stored longer in the mail. The heat packs consist of iron oxide powder with a catalyst that, through slow oxidation, is able to heat the pack by seven to eight degrees.

Heat packs — how does it work?

Heat packs are used when a constant amount of heat is required over a certain period of time (up to around 72 hours).

Components of the common Hetapacks:
Iron Powder: 40% — 60%
Activated carbon: 2% — 6%
Water: 20% — 30%
Salt: 1% — 3%.

How do these heat packs work?

The ingredients mentioned are sealed in powder form in an air-permeable bag. This sachet is in a tightly sealed plastic bag and is only activated immediately when it is packed. After opening the bag, the granules contained react with the oxygen penetrating through the membrane. This oxidation releases heat. With a continuous supply of oxygen, the reaction can last up to 72 hours, depending on the heat pack variant, and thus provides the heat required for the transport time. Sending aquarium plants in winter is therefore not a problem.

Can aquarium plants also be shipped in winter?

Can aquarium plants also be shipped in winter? During the cold season, we check the temperature forecasts daily and break them down by zip code. Since we have been able to rely very well on the information from the weather service so far, we also ship at night temperatures above -5°C. Today we will explain to you how we bring your plants safely to your home over hundreds of kilometers.

Tip: Pay attention to the cooler night-time temperatures and use them if you want to find out whether it is possible to ship aquatic plants in winter. If you’re ordering online, you can also help your retailer by letting them know the current temperatures in your area. We at the aquarium plant shop follow the map of the German Weather Service. If there is an unexpected drop in temperature and the plants are damaged, you will of course receive a replacement.

How do I pack the aquatic plants correctly for shipping?

Caution is advised when shipping plants in pots – this is where most mistakes are made. It is very important that the aquarium plants are packed in such a way that the stems sticking out of the pots cannot break off. It is by no means enough to simply put the potted plants in a bubble bag and post them. Unfortunately, even some professional traders do this. We advise that aquatic plants should only be sent as a package. You can see how we pack the plants so that they survive the journey undamaged in the video above.

Send aquatic plants: Here’s how

Here is an overview of the most important facts about shipping aquarium plants:

• Parcel shipping, no mailing bag
• Send plants wet (without water)
• Protective outer packaging against drying out and crushing/slipping in the package
• If necessary, heat pack for cool outside temperatures

Do you have any questions or comments on the subject of “shipping aquarium plants”? We welcome comments!

Red algae are particularly unwelcome guests in the aquarium. They appear here as brush algae and beard algae – and are among the more stubborn representatives of algae. Here you can find out how to combat red algae, identify them correctly and prevent a dreaded red algae plague.

What are red algae?

If you are dealing with red algae for the first time, you may be surprised: the types of red algae that occur in the aquarium do not really look red. Rather, brush algae and beard algae appear in a spectrum of dark colors from gray to black. Reddish, brownish, or greenish coloring can also occur. They only reveal their red color when they come into contact with high-proof alcohol. To reliably distinguish red algae from green algae, a test with alcohol is often very helpful. Because a green alga can, depending on its growth form, look very similar to a red alga.

Which red algae do I have in the aquarium: brush algae or beard algae?

If you were able to successfully identify the algae in your aquarium as red algae, they belong either to the brush algae or to the beard algae. As a rule, these types of algae can be easily distinguished from one another visually: their name describes the typical growth form very well. However, because brush algae and beard algae look very similar in principle and their color and preferred occurrence are the same, confusion can occur. When determining the red algae, pay attention to the following characteristics.

Combat red algae: be thorough

Red algae have a particularly bad reputation among the algae species. It is often difficult to get rid of them because they grow very firmly into the ground. If you remove them mechanically, there is always a residue. This allows the red algae to spread again quickly. It also spreads quickly by being introduced from other aquariums. Therefore, if red algae appear in your aquarium, you should not waste any time and take appropriate measures immediately.

Remove red algae from aquarium plants

Red algae are often so attached to aquarium plants that they cannot be detached from the leaves without damaging them. It is therefore best to completely remove heavily algae-covered leaves. If in doubt, you should get rid of heavily infested aquarium plants in order to get rid of an advanced red algae plague. If you have to remove a lot of plants, provide replacements: Temporarily plant a few fast-growing aquarium plants (such as waterweed or chickweed). These are robust, cheap to have as aquatic plants in the bundle, and can be exchanged for more demanding aquarium plants after the algae plague has been successfully combated.

Remove red algae: hardscape and substrate

If the algae have attacked stones or roots that you can remove from the aquarium, you are in luck. You can boil them thoroughly and then clean them with a brush. This is how they remove red algae that are clinging to it. If, for example, firmly bonded stone structures or even the substrate are infested, the removal is conceivably more complex. It can even make sense to do a complete reinstallation. You can find out more about the occurrence and combat of brush algae and beard algae in the article on the respective type of algae.

Algae eaters against red algae

Algae eaters such as fish, snails, or shrimp can help to combat algae. They are even more important in preventing red algae infestation. Unfortunately, this is not necessarily the most popular type of algae on the menu of most animals. Only select algae eaters for the aquarium are known to eat red algae. It is best to get rid of the thought that you are putting a troop of algae eaters in the aquarium and they will simply eat your algae. Rarely is it that simple?

Red Algae: Prevention is the best way

Fighting red algae is very time-consuming. Therefore, the golden rule applies all the more to this type of algae: it is better to prevent algae than to fight them. Even after the algae have been successfully removed, you should check all parameters in the aquarium to avoid re-infestation.
With red algae, make sure that you never move plants or objects from one infested tank to another. Remember that the algae also adhere to the aquarium technology. Likewise, the landing net can be the culprit when it comes to red algae transmission. It is either important to pay attention to the most thorough hygiene (by means of disinfection) or to strictly separate the objects for different aquariums.

We hope that we have been able to help you with our information and tips on combating red algae in the aquarium. What are your experiences with this type of algae? We are looking forward to your comments!

Anyone who buys new aquarium plants pays attention to healthy, strong plants. When placing them in the aquarium, there are a few things to consider so that the aquatic plants feel comfortable right from the start. In this way, you ensure that the pupils thrive and are not unnecessarily weakened or injured. We will tell you how to use plants in your aquarium and what you need to pay attention to when planting and preparing.

Put plants in a bunch in the aquarium

If you would like to use plants in the aquarium that you bought in the bundle, proceed as follows:

1. Shorten the cuttings down to the healthy tissue.
2. Remove the bottom two leaf knots. One to two centimeters of the petiole can remain.
3. Plant the bundle plant for the aquarium in such a way that the lower nodes, but never the leaves, are buried.

Tip for the right cutting before you put the plants in the aquarium: The stalks of the bunch of plants should not be crushed. It is best to use very sharp scissors or a razor blade. Never pinch off the stems of the aquarium plants with your fingernails. This will damage the plant. Rotting may occur after being placed in the aquarium. In the worst case, the entire aquarium plant dies.

Some bunch plants come with a lead band or ring. They serve to keep the plants on the ground in the sales tank. If you want to use ringed plants in the aquarium, we advise you to remove the ring or the lead sleeve and follow the steps above.

Vallisneria in the aquarium: insert and prepare plants

Plant Vallisneria correctly? Putting this popular aquarium plant in the aquarium is not difficult:

1. Before planting the aquatic plants, remove the outer leaves.
2. Any kinked sheets will be shortened up to the crease.
3. The roots are only left long enough for the aquatic plants to find enough support in the ground. Vallisneria usually forms new roots after they have been placed in the tank – the old roots are no longer needed and die off.

Place plants in the grid pot in the aquarium

If you want to use aquarium plants in pots, follow these steps:

1. Carefully free the aquatic plants from adhering aquarium plants under running water
2. Cut the roots of the plants to four centimeters.
3. Damaged and older leaves are removed.
4. Form a small planting hole in the bottom of the aquarium and place the plant in such a way that the roots are not bent. If you use a rosette plant in your aquarium, make sure that the base of the leaves is slightly above the substrate.

Tip for Rockwool on aquarium plants: Aquarium plants in pots are usually grown in Rockwool. This is a harmless, natural material that does not release any substances into the water. Nevertheless, we advise you to remove the rock wool before you put the plants in the aquarium – because it acts as an optical disturbance in the tank. Every now and then, bottoming fish expose the beginnings of the aquatic plants or the substrate is moved during the weekly plant care in the aquarium – and the rock wool is already exposed.

We are often asked whether aquarium plants can be used in pots. We would advise against placing the aquarium plant with the pot in the substrate. The roots need space to develop and pots protruding from the substrate look ugly.

Epiphytes in the aquarium: insert and fasten properly

Epiphytes for the aquarium include all plants that are not planted but attached to decorative objects. These include:

1. Anubias (dwarf spear leaf)
2. Microsorum (e.g. the popular java fern)
3. Bucephalandra
4. Aquarium moss

If you want to properly plant epiphytes that have been grown in a pot, you only have to consider a few things:

1. Carefully remove the aquarium plant from the pot.
2. Remove adherent rock wool.
3. Attach the epiphyte to a decorative rock or root.

When planting moss in the aquarium, make sure that the moss is only tied up in one layer. Avoid the stalks overlapping each other or even forming clumps. So the moss grows nice and dense.

Hornwort in the aquarium: insert and prepare plants

Hornwort is a special case in the aquarium when it comes to planting: This aquarium plant, which is also popular as a pond plant, only develops small adhesive roots. Hornwort is not particularly suitable for planting on the substrate. Therefore, if you want to use these plants in your aquarium, you must follow a few tricks:

If you plant chickweed, it will break off quickly if there are robust or larger fish in the aquarium.
The lower parts of the stem quickly turn brown and unsightly. To get a nice look, the chickweed would have to be constantly shortened and replanted.
How to properly plant chickweed in the aquarium? Best not at all. Let it float freely in the water and attach a piece of fishing line or a star sucker to hold it in place if necessary. If there are larger fish or a strong current in the tank, this is certainly recommended.

After placing the plants in the aquarium: don’t forget the fertilizer

If the plants are used in the aquarium, you should first let them grow for a week. After that, you can give the newcomers a portion of fertilizer so that they develop strong roots and new foliage quickly.

Fertilizer capsules have proven to be a good fertilizer for the aquarium. This is a depot fertilizer. That is, the nutrients are released over a longer period of time (several weeks).

• A good soil fertilizer, e.g. B. substrate fertilizer for the aquarium with long-term effect introduced. This is available in the form of convenient capsules or tablets.
• You will need one tablet or capsule per larger plant (such as Cryptocoryne, Echinodorus, Hygrophila, etc.).

Since the long-term fertilizer is released to the plant over a longer period of time, it is only necessary to fertilize the aquarium plants again after two to three months.

This makes it easier for your new aquarium plants to grow in the aquarium after planting.

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